Assume all fibers were randomly deposited in an elementary plane then prove that the mean pore diameter of the nonwoven fabric  d p  is independent of fiber diameter and dependent on fiber length l. Fig: randomly oriented fibres questionsoftextileblog Know textile Let the fibers be distributed randomly in an elementary plan of unit area and the probability of n fibers that present per unit area is given by Poisson distribution P(n) = e -c * c n / n!    ,  where c is total projected area fibres per unit area of the plane (total coverage). Evendently, c=nld,  where  l= fibre lingth and d=fibre width (diameter) The fraction of area covered by one fibre is: P(0) = e -c = ξ        -----------(i) Clearly, (1-ξ ) is the fraction of the unit area covered by fibres. The total area A c  occupied by all fibres croosing per unit area of the plane is: A c = ∑ n=2 n→∝ (n-1)P(n) = ∑ n=2 n→∝ (n-1) e -c * c n / n! = e -c [ c 2 / 2! ...

Singeing Process Introduction Objectives and Advantages of Singeing Types of Singeing Machines Plate Singeing Machine Rotary-Cylinder Singeing Machine Gas Singeing Machine Parameters for Gas Singeing Machines Condition for GAS singeing Test for the effectiveness of the singeing process questionsoftextileblog know textile Introduction: The term "singe" refers to the act of superficially burning a material. In the textile industry, singeing is used to remove: Loose fibers that are not firmly bound to the yarn or fabric structure. Loose yarns that are not firmly bound to the fabric structure. Protruding fiber ends that stick out of the textile yarns or fabrics. ...

  The Fibre Foundation: Ring vs. Rotor Spinning Discuss the fibre characteristics requirements for ring and rotor spinning technologies. questionsoftextileblog know textile The economic success of a spinning mill depends on matching raw material properties to the chosen technology. Ring and Rotor systems operate on fundamentally different mechanical principles, dictating vastly different fibre requirements for 100% efficiency and quality. The Fundamental Mechanic Ring Spinning Relies on roller control and tensile strength. Twist flows from outside-in. Rotor (Open-End) Spinning Relies on centrifugal force and friction. Twist flows from inside-out. Key Fibre Characteristic Requirements 1. Fineness (Micronaire) Fineness determines how many fibres fit into the yarn cross-section, which dictat...

  Crimp Effects on Fabric Properties Understanding Crimp: The Hidden "Wave" That Defines Fabric questionsoftextileblog know textile If you are a textile student, you have likely heard the term "crimp" tossed around in lectures about spinning and weaving. It might sound like a small technical detail, but crimp is actually one of the most critical factors that determine how a fabric feels, behaves, and performs. Whether you are designing a stretchy sportswear garment or a stiff piece of denim, understanding crimp is your secret weapon. Let’s break it down. Figure 1: The wavy path of the yarn as it travels over and under crossing threads is the "crimp." 1. What is Crimp? In simple terms, crimp is the waviness of a fiber or yarn. Imagine taking a piece of yarn and pulling it perfectly straight. Now, imagine that same yarn woven into a fabric. To go over and under the crossing threads (warp and weft), the yarn has to bend and ...

  Sheffield Type Micronaire Instrument Fiber Fineness: The Air Flow Principle & Sheffield Micronaire questionsoftextileblog know textile In the textile industry, the quality of yarn begins with the quality of the fiber. Among the various properties of cotton, fineness and maturity are paramount. This guide breaks down the science behind the widely used Air Flow method and how to read the results from a Sheffield Micronaire instrument. 1. The Air Flow Principle The determination of fiber fineness using air flow is based on a fundamental physical concept: Specific Surface Area. The Core Concept: When a specific weight of fiber is compressed into a specific volume, the resistance it offers to the flow of air is directly proportional to the specific surface area of the fibers. Fine Fibers: Have a high specific surface area. This creates mor...

  Measurement of Fabric Bursting Strength (Diaphragm Method) How the bursting strength of fabric is measured using diaphragm bursting strength tester?  questionsoftextileblog know textile  Mastering the Diaphragm Bursting Strength Test Welcome back to the blog! Today, we are diving into one of the most satisfying tests in the physical testing lab: Bursting Strength . Today, we break down exactly how we measure this using the Diaphragm Bursting Strength Tester . Why Do We Need This Test? Usually, when we test fabric strength (like denim), we pull it in one direction (Tensile Strength). But Knitted fabrics and non-wovens are different. They stretch everywhere! The Machine: How It Works Think of the Diaphragm Bursting Tester as a high-tech balloon popper. Figure 1: Cross-section of the Diaphragm Bursting mechanism. The Diaphragm: A thick rubber membrane sits underneath the fabric....

Textile Properties & Testing Factors The Science of Fabric: Understanding Factors That Influence Textile Properties questionsoftextileblog know textile In the world of textiles, quality is never accidental. Whether you are a manufacturer, a designer, or a textile student, understanding what determines the final characteristics of a fabric is crucial. This article dives into the key factors that influence textile properties and how testing instruments help us quantify them. Part 1: What Determines Textile Properties? The final "hand," look, and performance of a fabric are the cumulative results of several structural levels. Here are the four primary factors: 1. Fiber Type and Composition Everything starts at the microscopic level. The inherent chemistry of the fiber dictates baseline performance. Natural fibers (like cotton or wool) often provide comfort,...